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Difference between revisions of "Gemara"
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== Watson's Biblical & Theological Dictionary <ref name="term_80738" /> == | == Watson's Biblical & Theological Dictionary <ref name="term_80738" /> == | ||
<p> This word signifies <em> complement, perfection. </em> The rabbins call the [[Pentateuch]] the law, without any addition. Next to this they have the Talmud, which is divided into two parts: the first is only an application of the law to particular cases, with the decision of the ancient rabbins, and is called <em> mishnah, </em> or "second law:" the other part, which is a more extensive application of the same law, is a collection of determinations by rabbins, later than the <em> mishnah </em> . This last is termed <em> gemara, </em> "perfection," "finishing," because they consider it as a conclusive explanation of the law, to which no farther additions can be made. There are two <em> gemaras, </em> or two Talmuds, that of Jerusalem, and that of Babylon. The former was compiled, according to the Jews, about the end of the second or third century, by a celebrated rabbin, called Jochanan; but father Morinus maintains that the <em> gemara </em> was not finished till about the seventh century. Dr. Prideaux says that it was completed about | <p> This word signifies <em> complement, perfection. </em> The rabbins call the [[Pentateuch]] the law, without any addition. Next to this they have the Talmud, which is divided into two parts: the first is only an application of the law to particular cases, with the decision of the ancient rabbins, and is called <em> mishnah, </em> or "second law:" the other part, which is a more extensive application of the same law, is a collection of determinations by rabbins, later than the <em> mishnah </em> . This last is termed <em> gemara, </em> "perfection," "finishing," because they consider it as a conclusive explanation of the law, to which no farther additions can be made. There are two <em> gemaras, </em> or two Talmuds, that of Jerusalem, and that of Babylon. The former was compiled, according to the Jews, about the end of the second or third century, by a celebrated rabbin, called Jochanan; but father Morinus maintains that the <em> gemara </em> was not finished till about the seventh century. Dr. Prideaux says that it was completed about A.D. 300. The [[Jews]] have little value for this [[Jerusalem]] Talmud, on account of its obscurity. The [[Babylonish]] <em> gemara </em> is, as the rabbins say, more modern. It was begun by a [[Jewish]] doctor, named Asa, and continued by Marmar and Mar, his sons or disciples. The Jews believe that the <em> gemara </em> contains nothing but the word of God, preserved in the tradition of the elders, and transmitted, without alteration, from Moses to rabbi Judah, the holy, and the other compilers of the Talmud; who did not reduce it to writing till they were afraid it would be corrupted by the several transmigrations and persecutions to which their nation was subjected. </p> | ||
== Holman Bible Dictionary <ref name="term_40344" /> == | == Holman Bible Dictionary <ref name="term_40344" /> == | ||
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== Charles Buck Theological Dictionary <ref name="term_19814" /> == | == Charles Buck Theological Dictionary <ref name="term_19814" /> == | ||
<p> See | <p> See TALMUD. </p> | ||
== The Nuttall Encyclopedia <ref name="term_73568" /> == | == The Nuttall Encyclopedia <ref name="term_73568" /> == | ||
