Difference between revisions of "Hail"

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== International Standard Bible Encyclopedia <ref name="term_4497" /> ==
== Hastings' Dictionary of the New Testament <ref name="term_56067" /> ==
<p> ''''' hāl ''''' : Interjection, found only in the [[Gospels]] as the translation of χαῖρε , <i> ''''' chaı́re ''''' </i> , χαίρετε , <i> ''''' chaı́rete ''''' </i> , imp. of χαίρω , <i> ''''' chaı́rō ''''' </i> , "to rejoice," is used as a greeting or salutation. The word "Hail" is Old English and was formerly an adjective, used with the verb to be, meaning "well," "sound," "hale," e.g. "Hale be thou." Wycliff has "heil" without the verb, followed by other English Vss , except that the [[Geneva]] has "God save thee," in Matthew 26:49; Matthew 28:9 . The word occurs in Matthew 26:49; Matthew 27:29; Matthew 28:9 , "all hail"; Mark 15:18; Luke 1:28; John 19:3 . See [[Godspeed]]; [[Greeting]] . </p>
<p> (χάλαζα) </p> <p> The invariable biblical conception of hail is correctly represented in &nbsp;Wisdom of [[Solomon]] 5:22 : ‘As from an engine of war shall be hurled hailstones full of wrath.’ Typical instances of the use of hail as a weapon of [[Divine]] judgment and warfare are found in &nbsp;Exodus 9:18 f., &nbsp;Joshua 10:11. Like other destructive natural forces, it is a familiar category in apocalyptic prophecy. It is always regarded as a ‘plague’ (πληγή, &nbsp;Revelation 16:21). ‘Hail and fire,’ ‘lightnings … and great hail,’ occur together (&nbsp;Revelation 8:7, &nbsp;Revelation 11:19), as in &nbsp;Exodus 9:24 : ‘hail, and fire mingling with (flashing continually amidst) the hail.’ Thunderstorms often arise ‘under the conditions that are favourable to the formation of hail, <i> i.e. </i> great heat, a still atmosphere, the production of strong local convection currents in consequence, and the passage of a cold upper drift’ ( <i> Encyclopaedia Britannica </i> 11 xii. 820), True hail, which is to be distinguished from so-called ‘soft hail,’ is formed of clear or granular ice. Impinging hailstones are often frozen together, and sometimes great ragged masses of ice fall with disastrous results to life and property. The seventh angel having poured his bowl upon the air, ‘great hail, every stone about a talent in weight, cometh down out of heaven upon men’ (&nbsp;Revelation 16:21). [[Diodorus]] Siculus (xix. 45) writes of storms in which ‘the size of the hail was incredible, for the stones fell a mina in weight, sometimes even more, so that many houses fell under their weight and not a few men were killed.’ The mina was about 2 lbs.-the sixtieth part of a talent. </p> <p> James Strahan. </p>
          
          
== Cyclopedia of Biblical, Theological and Ecclesiastical Literature <ref name="term_42969" /> ==
== Webster's Dictionary <ref name="term_125075" /> ==
<p> (בָּרָד, barard', χάλαζα), or congealed rain, is the symbol of the divine vengeance upon kingdoms and nations, the enemies of [[God]] and of his people. As a hailstorm is generally accompanied by lightning, and seems to be produced by a certain electrical state of the atmosphere, so we find in [[Scripture]] hail and fire, i.e. lightning, mentioned together (Exodus 9:23; compare Job 38:22-23; Psalms 105:32; Psalms 78:48; Psalms 148:8; Psalms 18:13). (See [[Plagues Of Egypt]]). That hail, though uncommon, is not absolutely unknown in Egypt, we have the testimony of Mansleben and Manconys, who had heard it thunder during their stay at Alexandria, the former on the 1st of January, and the latter on the 17th and 18th of the same month; on the same day it also hailed there. Perry also remarks that it hails, though seldom, in January and February at Cairo. Pococke even saw hail mingled with rain fall at Fium in February (compare Exodus 9:34). Korte also saw hail fall. Jomard says, "I have several times seen even hail at Alexandria." [[Volney]] mentions a hail-storm which he saw crossing over Mount [[Sinai]] into that country, some of whose frozen stones he gathered; "and so," he says, "I drank iced water in Egypt." [[Hail]] was also the means made use of by God for defeating an army of the kings of [[Canaan]] (Joshua 10:11). </p> <p> In this passage it is said, "The Lord cast down great stones from heaven upon them" i.e. hailstones of an extraordinary size, and capable of doing dreadful execution in their fall from heaven. Some commentators are of opinion that the miracle consisted of real stones, from the circumstance that stones only are mentioned in the preceding clause; but this is evidently erroneous, for there are many instances on record of hail-stones of enormous size and weight falling in different countries, so as to do immense injury, and to destroy the lives of animals and men. In [[Palestine]] and the neighboring regions, hailstones are frequent and severe in the mountainous districts and along the coasts; but in the plains and deserts hail scarcely ever falls. In the elevated region of [[Northern]] [[Persia]] the hailstones are frequently so violent as to destroy the cattle in the fields; and in Comm. Porter's [[Letters]] from [[Constantinople]] and its Environs (1, 44) there is an interesting account of a terrific hailstorm that occurred on the [[Bosphorus]] in the summer of 1831, which fully bears out the above and other Scripture representations. [[Many]] of the lumps picked up after the storm weighed three quarters of a pound. In Isaiah 28:2, which, denounces the approaching destruction by Shalmaneser, the same images are employed. Hail is mentioned as a divine judgment by the prophet Haggai (Haggai 2:17). The destruction of the [[Assyrian]] army is pointed out in Isaiah 30:30. Ezekiel 13:11 represents the wall daubed with untempered mortar as being destroyed by great hailstones. Also in his prophecy against [[Gog]] (Ezekiel 38:22) he employs the same symbol (compare Revelation 20:9). The hail and fire mingled with blood, mentioned in Revelation 8:7, are supposed to denote the commotions of nations. — The great hail, in Revelation 11:19, denotes great and heavy judgments on the enemies of true religion; and the grievous storm, in 16:21, represents something similar, and far more severe. So Horace (Odes, 1. 2); comp. [[Virgil]] (En. 4:120, 161; 9:669) and Livy (2, 62, and 26, 11). </p>
<p> '''(1):''' ''' (''' n.) Small roundish masses of ice precipitated from the clouds, where they are formed by the congelation of vapor. The separate masses or grains are called hailstones. </p> <p> '''(2):''' ''' (''' v. t.) To call loudly to, or after; to accost; to salute; to address. </p> <p> '''(3):''' ''' (''' v. t.) To name; to designate; to call. </p> <p> '''(4):''' ''' (''' n.) [[A]] wish of health; a salutation; a loud call. </p> <p> '''(5):''' ''' (''' v. t.) An exclamation of respectful or reverent salutation, or, occasionally, of familiar greeting. </p> <p> '''(6):''' ''' (''' v. i.) To report as one's home or the place from whence one comes; to come; - with from. </p> <p> '''(7):''' ''' (''' v. i.) To declare, by hailing, the port from which a vessel sails or where she is registered; hence, to sail; to come; - used with from; as, the steamer hails from New York. </p> <p> '''(8):''' ''' (''' a.) Healthy. See [[Hale]] (the preferable spelling). </p> <p> '''(9):''' ''' (''' v. t.) To pour forcibly down, as hail. </p> <p> '''(10):''' ''' (''' v. i.) To pour down particles of ice, or frozen vapors. </p>
       
== King James Dictionary <ref name="term_60603" /> ==
<p> [[Hail,]] n. Masses of ice or frozen vapor, falling from the clouds in showers or storms. These masses consist of little spherules united, but not all of the same consistence some being as hard and solid as perfect ice others soft, like frozen snow. [[Hailstones]] assume various figures some are round, others angular, others pyramidical, others flat, and sometimes they are stellated with six radii, like crystals of snow. </p> <p> [[Hail,]] To pour down masses of ice or frozen vapors. </p> <p> [[Hail,]] To pour. </p> <p> [[Hail,]] a. Gr. whole. Sound whole healthy not impaired by disease as a hail body hail corn. In this sense, it is usually written hale. </p> <p> [[Hail,]] an exclamation, or rather a verb in the imperative mode, being the adjective hail, used as a verb. Hail, be well be in health health to you a term of salutation, equivalent to [[L.]] salve, salvete. </p> <p> Hail, hail, brave friend. </p> <p> [[Hail,]] n. [[A]] wish of health a salutation. This word is sometimes used as a noun as, the angel hail bestowed. </p> <p> [[Hail,]] [[L.]] calo. See Call and Heal. To call to call to a person at a distance, to arrest his attention. It is properly used in any case where the person accosted is distant, but is appropriately used by seamen. Hoa or hoi, the ship ahoay, is the usual manner of hailing to which the answer is holloa, or hollo. Then follow the usual questions, whence came ye? where are you bound? &c. </p>
       
== Wilson's Dictionary of Bible Types <ref name="term_197889" /> ==
<p> &nbsp;Job 38:22 (c) This scourge represents the wisdom and the power of [[God]] in judging His enemies and punishing those who refuse His Presence, and His Word. </p> <p> &nbsp;Isaiah 28:2 (a) By this type we are taught that the judgment of [[God]] which man cannot hinder nor prevent will whip His enemies, and spoil their labor. [[God]] is a righteous [[God]] and will judge His foes with dire punishment. </p> <p> &nbsp;Isaiah 32:19 (a) The Lord is informing us by this type that when He judges and punishes His enemies, His own people will be safe and secure. This condition existed in Egypt when the hail destroyed the crops of the Egyptians, but did not spoil the crops of the Israelites. </p> <p> &nbsp;Revelation 8:7 (a) Here is described another of GOD's judgments on men, and it probably is a literal judgment, with literal ice falling with tremendous force to destroy the works of men. (See also &nbsp;Revelation 11:19; &nbsp;Revelation 16:21. </p>
       
== Morrish Bible Dictionary <ref name="term_66569" /> ==
<p> Particles of ice falling from the clouds. Though hail is usually formed by natural causes not yet perhaps well understood, it is often referred to in scripture as one of the judgements of God. It formed one of the plagues in Egypt. &nbsp;Exodus 9:18-34; &nbsp;Psalm 78:47,48; &nbsp;Psalm 105:32; and is at times connected with fire or lightning. God smote the [[Amalekites]] by 'great stones' from heaven. &nbsp;Joshua 10:11 . The hail is called upon to praise Jehovah, because it fulfils His word. &nbsp;Psalm 148:8; &nbsp;Isaiah 28:2,17; &nbsp;Haggai 2:17 . It will also form a notable part of the judgements of God in His future dealings with this guilty world. &nbsp;Revelation 8:7; &nbsp;Revelation 11:19; &nbsp;Revelation 16:21 . </p>
       
== Vine's Expository Dictionary of NT Words <ref name="term_77927" /> ==
<div> '''1: χάλαζα ''' (Strong'S #5464 — Noun [[Feminine]] — chalaza — khal'-ad-zah ) </div> <p> akin to chalao, "to let loose, let fall," is always used as an instrument of Divine judgment, and is found in the [[Nt]] in &nbsp;Revelation 8:7; &nbsp;11:19; &nbsp;16:21 . </p>
       
== Easton's Bible Dictionary <ref name="term_31838" /> ==
&nbsp;Exodus 9:23&nbsp;Haggai 2:17&nbsp;Joshua 10:11&nbsp;Ezekiel 13:11&nbsp;Revelation 8:7&nbsp;11:19&nbsp;16:21
       
== Hastings' Dictionary of the Bible <ref name="term_51472" /> ==
<p> <strong> [[Hail]] </strong> . See [[Plagues]] of Egypt. </p>
          
          
==References ==
==References ==
<references>
<references>


<ref name="term_4497"> [https://bibleportal.com/encyclopedia/international-standard-bible-encyclopedia/hail+(2) Hail from International Standard Bible Encyclopedia]</ref>
<ref name="term_56067"> [https://bibleportal.com/dictionary/hastings-dictionary-of-the-new-testament/hail Hail from Hastings' Dictionary of the New Testament]</ref>
       
<ref name="term_125075"> [https://bibleportal.com/dictionary/webster-s-dictionary/hail Hail from Webster's Dictionary]</ref>
       
<ref name="term_60603"> [https://bibleportal.com/dictionary/king-james-dictionary/hail Hail from King James Dictionary]</ref>
       
<ref name="term_197889"> [https://bibleportal.com/dictionary/wilson-s-dictionary-of-bible-types/hail Hail from Wilson's Dictionary of Bible Types]</ref>
       
<ref name="term_66569"> [https://bibleportal.com/dictionary/morrish-bible-dictionary/hail Hail from Morrish Bible Dictionary]</ref>
       
<ref name="term_77927"> [https://bibleportal.com/dictionary/vine-s-expository-dictionary-of-nt-words/hail Hail from Vine's Expository Dictionary of NT Words]</ref>
       
<ref name="term_31838"> [https://bibleportal.com/dictionary/easton-s-bible-dictionary/hail Hail from Easton's Bible Dictionary]</ref>
          
          
<ref name="term_42969"> [https://bibleportal.com/encyclopedia/cyclopedia-of-biblical-theological-and-ecclesiastical-literature/hail+(2) Hail from Cyclopedia of Biblical, Theological and Ecclesiastical Literature]</ref>
<ref name="term_51472"> [https://bibleportal.com/dictionary/hastings-dictionary-of-the-bible/hail Hail from Hastings' Dictionary of the Bible]</ref>
          
          
</references>
</references>

Revision as of 23:05, 12 October 2021

Hastings' Dictionary of the New Testament [1]

(χάλαζα)

The invariable biblical conception of hail is correctly represented in  Wisdom of Solomon 5:22 : ‘As from an engine of war shall be hurled hailstones full of wrath.’ Typical instances of the use of hail as a weapon of Divine judgment and warfare are found in  Exodus 9:18 f.,  Joshua 10:11. Like other destructive natural forces, it is a familiar category in apocalyptic prophecy. It is always regarded as a ‘plague’ (πληγή,  Revelation 16:21). ‘Hail and fire,’ ‘lightnings … and great hail,’ occur together ( Revelation 8:7,  Revelation 11:19), as in  Exodus 9:24 : ‘hail, and fire mingling with (flashing continually amidst) the hail.’ Thunderstorms often arise ‘under the conditions that are favourable to the formation of hail, i.e. great heat, a still atmosphere, the production of strong local convection currents in consequence, and the passage of a cold upper drift’ ( Encyclopaedia Britannica 11 xii. 820), True hail, which is to be distinguished from so-called ‘soft hail,’ is formed of clear or granular ice. Impinging hailstones are often frozen together, and sometimes great ragged masses of ice fall with disastrous results to life and property. The seventh angel having poured his bowl upon the air, ‘great hail, every stone about a talent in weight, cometh down out of heaven upon men’ ( Revelation 16:21). Diodorus Siculus (xix. 45) writes of storms in which ‘the size of the hail was incredible, for the stones fell a mina in weight, sometimes even more, so that many houses fell under their weight and not a few men were killed.’ The mina was about 2 lbs.-the sixtieth part of a talent.

James Strahan.

Webster's Dictionary [2]

(1): ( n.) Small roundish masses of ice precipitated from the clouds, where they are formed by the congelation of vapor. The separate masses or grains are called hailstones.

(2): ( v. t.) To call loudly to, or after; to accost; to salute; to address.

(3): ( v. t.) To name; to designate; to call.

(4): ( n.) A wish of health; a salutation; a loud call.

(5): ( v. t.) An exclamation of respectful or reverent salutation, or, occasionally, of familiar greeting.

(6): ( v. i.) To report as one's home or the place from whence one comes; to come; - with from.

(7): ( v. i.) To declare, by hailing, the port from which a vessel sails or where she is registered; hence, to sail; to come; - used with from; as, the steamer hails from New York.

(8): ( a.) Healthy. See Hale (the preferable spelling).

(9): ( v. t.) To pour forcibly down, as hail.

(10): ( v. i.) To pour down particles of ice, or frozen vapors.

King James Dictionary [3]

Hail, n. Masses of ice or frozen vapor, falling from the clouds in showers or storms. These masses consist of little spherules united, but not all of the same consistence some being as hard and solid as perfect ice others soft, like frozen snow. Hailstones assume various figures some are round, others angular, others pyramidical, others flat, and sometimes they are stellated with six radii, like crystals of snow.

Hail, To pour down masses of ice or frozen vapors.

Hail, To pour.

Hail, a. Gr. whole. Sound whole healthy not impaired by disease as a hail body hail corn. In this sense, it is usually written hale.

Hail, an exclamation, or rather a verb in the imperative mode, being the adjective hail, used as a verb. Hail, be well be in health health to you a term of salutation, equivalent to L. salve, salvete.

Hail, hail, brave friend.

Hail, n. A wish of health a salutation. This word is sometimes used as a noun as, the angel hail bestowed.

Hail, L. calo. See Call and Heal. To call to call to a person at a distance, to arrest his attention. It is properly used in any case where the person accosted is distant, but is appropriately used by seamen. Hoa or hoi, the ship ahoay, is the usual manner of hailing to which the answer is holloa, or hollo. Then follow the usual questions, whence came ye? where are you bound? &c.

Wilson's Dictionary of Bible Types [4]

 Job 38:22 (c) This scourge represents the wisdom and the power of God in judging His enemies and punishing those who refuse His Presence, and His Word.

 Isaiah 28:2 (a) By this type we are taught that the judgment of God which man cannot hinder nor prevent will whip His enemies, and spoil their labor. God is a righteous God and will judge His foes with dire punishment.

 Isaiah 32:19 (a) The Lord is informing us by this type that when He judges and punishes His enemies, His own people will be safe and secure. This condition existed in Egypt when the hail destroyed the crops of the Egyptians, but did not spoil the crops of the Israelites.

 Revelation 8:7 (a) Here is described another of GOD's judgments on men, and it probably is a literal judgment, with literal ice falling with tremendous force to destroy the works of men. (See also  Revelation 11:19;  Revelation 16:21.

Morrish Bible Dictionary [5]

Particles of ice falling from the clouds. Though hail is usually formed by natural causes not yet perhaps well understood, it is often referred to in scripture as one of the judgements of God. It formed one of the plagues in Egypt.  Exodus 9:18-34;  Psalm 78:47,48;  Psalm 105:32; and is at times connected with fire or lightning. God smote the Amalekites by 'great stones' from heaven.  Joshua 10:11 . The hail is called upon to praise Jehovah, because it fulfils His word.  Psalm 148:8;  Isaiah 28:2,17;  Haggai 2:17 . It will also form a notable part of the judgements of God in His future dealings with this guilty world.  Revelation 8:7;  Revelation 11:19;  Revelation 16:21 .

Vine's Expository Dictionary of NT Words [6]

1: χάλαζα (Strong'S #5464 — Noun Feminine — chalaza — khal'-ad-zah )

akin to chalao, "to let loose, let fall," is always used as an instrument of Divine judgment, and is found in the Nt in  Revelation 8:7;  11:19;  16:21 .

Easton's Bible Dictionary [7]

 Exodus 9:23 Haggai 2:17 Joshua 10:11 Ezekiel 13:11 Revelation 8:7 11:19 16:21

Hastings' Dictionary of the Bible [8]

Hail . See Plagues of Egypt.

References

  1. ↑ Hail from Hastings' Dictionary of the New Testament
  2. ↑ Hail from Webster's Dictionary
  3. ↑ Hail from King James Dictionary
  4. ↑ Hail from Wilson's Dictionary of Bible Types
  5. ↑ Hail from Morrish Bible Dictionary
  6. ↑ Hail from Vine's Expository Dictionary of NT Words
  7. ↑ Hail from Easton's Bible Dictionary
  8. ↑ Hail from Hastings' Dictionary of the Bible
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