Difference between revisions of "Abarim"

<p> <translit> ab´a </translit> - <translit> rim </translit> , <translit> a </translit> - <translit> bā´rim </translit> ( <span> עברים </span> , <i> <translit> ‛ăbhārı̄m </translit> </i> ): The stem idea is that of going across a space or a dividing line, or for example a river. It is the same stem that appears in the familiar phrase "beyond Jordan," used to denote the region east of the Jordan, and Hellenized in the name Peraea. This fact affords the most natural explanation of the phrases 'the mountains of the Abarim' ( <span> [[Numbers]] 33:47 </span> , <span> Numbers 33:48 </span> ); 'this mountain-country of the Abarim' ( <span> Numbers 27:12 </span> ; <span> [[Deuteronomy]] 32:49 </span> ); Iye-abarim, which means "Heaps of the Abarim," or "Mounds of the Abarim" ( <span> Numbers 21:11 </span> ; <span> Numbers 33:44 </span> ). [[In]] <span> Numbers 33:45 </span> this station is called simply Iyim, "Mounds." It is to be distinguished from the place of the same name in southern [[Judah]] ( <span> [[Joshua]] 15:29 </span> ). The name Abarim, without the article, occurs in Jer ( <span> Numbers 22:20 </span> the [[Revised]] [[Version]] (British and American), where the [[King]] [[James]] Version translates "the passages"), where it seems to be the name of a region, on the same footing with the names [[Lebanon]] and Bashan, doubtless the region referred to in [[Nu]] and Deuteronomy. There is no reason for changing the vowels in <span> [[Ezekiel]] 39:11 </span> , in order to make that another occurrence of the same name. </p> <p> When the people of [[Abraham]] lived in Canaan, before they went to [[Egypt]] to sojourn, they spoke of the region east of the [[Jordan]] as "beyond Jordan." [[Looking]] across the Jordan and the [[Dead]] [[Sea]] they designated the mountain country they saw there as "the [[Beyond]] mountains." They continued to use these geographical terms when they came out of Egypt. We have no means of knowing to how extensive a region they applied the name. The passages speak of the mountain country of [[Abarim]] where [[Moses]] died, including Nebo, as situated back from the river Jordan in its lowest reaches; and of the Mounds of the Abarim as farther to the southeast, so that the [[Israelites]] passed them when making their detour around the agricultural parts of Edom, before they crossed the Arnon. [[Whether]] the name Abarim should be applied to the parts of the eastern hill country farther to the north is a question on which we lack evidence. </p>

<p> (Heb. Abarim', <span> עֲבַָרַים </span> , regions <span> beyond, </span> i.e. east of the Jordan; Sept. <span> ‘Αβαρίμ </span> , but <span> τὸ </span> <span> πέραν </span> in <span> [[Numbers]] 27:12 </span> , Vulg. <span> Abarim; </span> in <span> [[Jeremiah]] 22:20 </span> , Sept. <span> τὸ </span> <span> πέραν </span> <span> τῆς </span> <span> θαλάσσης </span> , Vulg. <span> transeuntes, </span> Auth. Vers. "passages"), a mountain ( <span> הִד </span> <span> הָעֵבָרַים </span> , <span> Numbers 27:12 </span> ; <span> [[Deuteronomy]] 32:49 </span> ), or rather chain of hills ( <span> הָעֲבָרַים </span> <span> הָדֵי </span> , <span> Numbers 33:47-48 </span> ), which form or belong to the mountainous district east of the [[Dead]] [[Sea]] and the lower Jordan, being situated in the land of [[Moab]] ( <span> Numbers 21:11 </span> ), on the route to [[Palestine]] ( <span> Numbers 27:12 </span> ). It was the last station but one of the Hebrews on their way from [[Egypt]] to [[Canaan]] ( <span> Numbers 33:47-48 </span> ). (See <a> IJE-ABARIM </a> ). The range presents many distinct masses and elevations, commanding extensive views of the country west of the river (Irby and Mangles, p. 459). From one of the highest of these, called [[Mount]] Nebo, [[Moses]] surveyed the [[Promised]] [[Land]] before he died ( <span> Deuteronomy 32:49 </span> ). From the manner in which thenames Abarim, Nebo, and [[Pisgah]] are connected ( <span> Deuteronomy 32:49 </span> ; <span> Deuteronomy 34:1 </span> ), it would seem that they were different names of the same general mountain chain. (See <a> NEBO </a> ). According to Josephus, who styles it <span> [[Abaris]] </span> ( <span> ‘ </span> <span> Αβαρ </span> ] <span> ς </span> , <span> Ant. </span> 4:8, 48), it was "a very high mountain, situated opposite Jericho," and [[Eusebius]] ( <span> Onomast. <span> Ναβα </span> </span> <span> à </span> ) locates it six miles west of Heshbon. The name [[Abarim]] has been tortured by some disciples of the [[Faber]] and Bryant school of etymologists into a connection with the name of a district of Egypt called Abaris or [[Avaris]] (Josephus, Apn, 1:14), and so with the system of [[Egyptian]] idolatry, from the deity of the same name. [[Affinities]] between the names of two of the peaks of this range, [[Nebo]] and Peor, have also been traced with those of other Egyptian deities, [[Anubis]] and Horis. There is no good foundation for such speculations. </p>